Culture of China: Difference between revisions
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===Structure=== | ===Structure=== | ||
:''Main'' [ | :''Main'' [[:en:Social structure of China|Social structure of China]] | ||
Since the [[Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors]] period, some form of [[Chinese sovereign|Chinese monarch]] has been the main ruler above all. Different periods of history have different names for the various positions within society. Conceptually each imperial or feudal period is similar, with the government and military officials ranking high in the [[Social hierarchy|hierarchy]], and the rest of the population under regular [[Chinese law]].<ref name="Mente">Mente, Boye De. [2000] (2000). The Chinese Have a Word for it: The Complete Guide to Chinese thought and Culture. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-658-01078-6</ref> From the late [[Zhou Dynasty]] (1046–256 BCE) onwards, traditional Chinese society was organized into a hierarchic system of socio-economic classes known as the [[four occupations]]. However, this system did not cover all social groups while the distinctions between all groups became blurred ever since the [[commercialism|commercialization]] of Chinese culture in the [[Song Dynasty]] (960–1279 CE). [[History of education in China|Ancient Chinese education]] also has a long history; ever since the [[Sui Dynasty]] (581–618 CE) educated candidates prepared for the [[Imperial examinations]] which drafted exam graduates into government as [[scholar-bureaucrats]]. Trades and crafts were usually taught by a [[shifu]]. The female historian [[Ban Zhao]] wrote the [[Lessons for Women]] in the [[Han Dynasty]] and outlined the four virtues women must abide to, while scholars such as [[Zhu Xi]] and [[Cheng Yi (philosopher)|Cheng Yi]] would expand upon this. [[Chinese marriage]] and [[Taoist sexual practices]] are some of the customs and rituals found in society. | Since the [[Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors]] period, some form of [[Chinese sovereign|Chinese monarch]] has been the main ruler above all. Different periods of history have different names for the various positions within society. Conceptually each imperial or feudal period is similar, with the government and military officials ranking high in the [[Social hierarchy|hierarchy]], and the rest of the population under regular [[Chinese law]].<ref name="Mente">Mente, Boye De. [2000] (2000). The Chinese Have a Word for it: The Complete Guide to Chinese thought and Culture. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-658-01078-6</ref> From the late [[Zhou Dynasty]] (1046–256 BCE) onwards, traditional Chinese society was organized into a hierarchic system of socio-economic classes known as the [[four occupations]]. However, this system did not cover all social groups while the distinctions between all groups became blurred ever since the [[commercialism|commercialization]] of Chinese culture in the [[Song Dynasty]] (960–1279 CE). [[History of education in China|Ancient Chinese education]] also has a long history; ever since the [[Sui Dynasty]] (581–618 CE) educated candidates prepared for the [[Imperial examinations]] which drafted exam graduates into government as [[scholar-bureaucrats]]. Trades and crafts were usually taught by a [[shifu]]. The female historian [[Ban Zhao]] wrote the [[Lessons for Women]] in the [[Han Dynasty]] and outlined the four virtues women must abide to, while scholars such as [[Zhu Xi]] and [[Cheng Yi (philosopher)|Cheng Yi]] would expand upon this. [[Chinese marriage]] and [[Taoist sexual practices]] are some of the customs and rituals found in society. | ||
