Alternative DNS root: Difference between revisions
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
The '[[DNS root zone]]', generally, consists of pointers to authoritative DNS servers for Generic Top Level Domain (like .com and .net) and Country Code Top Level Domain zones (like .us, .uk, and .tv). | The '[[:en:DNS root zone|DNS root zone]]', generally, consists of pointers to authoritative DNS servers for Generic Top Level Domain (like .com and .net) and Country Code Top Level Domain zones (like .us, .uk, and .tv). | ||
A collection of "traditional" root servers independently operated by many organizations around the internet use a specific list of these domains which is managed by ICANN. | A collection of "traditional" root servers independently operated by many organizations around the internet use a specific list of these domains which is managed by ICANN. | ||
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Alternative DNS roots can in general be divided into three groups: those run for idealistic or ideological reasons, those run as profit-making enterprises, and those run internally by an organization for its own use. | Alternative DNS roots can in general be divided into three groups: those run for idealistic or ideological reasons, those run as profit-making enterprises, and those run internally by an organization for its own use. | ||
Whilst technically trivial to set up, actually running a reliable root server network in the long run is a serious undertaking, requiring multiple servers to be kept running 24/7 in geographically diverse locations. During the [[dot-com boom]], some alt-root providers believed that there were substantial profits to be made from providing alternative top-level domains. | Whilst technically trivial to set up, actually running a reliable root server network in the long run is a serious undertaking, requiring multiple servers to be kept running 24/7 in geographically diverse locations. During the [[:en:dot-com boom|dot-com boom]], some alt-root providers believed that there were substantial profits to be made from providing alternative top-level domains. | ||
Only a small proportion of ISPs actually use any of the zones served by alt-root operators, generally sticking to the ICANN-specified root servers. This in turn led to the commercial failure of several alternative DNS root providers. | Only a small proportion of ISPs actually use any of the zones served by alt-root operators, generally sticking to the ICANN-specified root servers. This in turn led to the commercial failure of several alternative DNS root providers. | ||
A '''.biz''' TLD created by Pacific Root was in operation before ICANN approved a '''[[.biz]]''' run by Neulevel, and for some time after the creation of the ICANN-sanctioned '''.biz''' several alt roots continued to resolve '''.biz''' to Pacific Root's rather than Neulevel's. There were therefore '''.biz''' domain names that existed in different roots and pointed to different [[IP address]]es. The possibility of such conflicts, and their potential for destabilizing the Internet, is the main source of controversy surrounding alt roots. Many of the alternate roots try to coordinate with each other, but many do not - and they have no conflict resolution procedure between them. | A '''.biz''' TLD created by Pacific Root was in operation before ICANN approved a '''[[:en:.biz|.biz]]''' run by Neulevel, and for some time after the creation of the ICANN-sanctioned '''.biz''' several alt roots continued to resolve '''.biz''' to Pacific Root's rather than Neulevel's. There were therefore '''.biz''' domain names that existed in different roots and pointed to different [[IP address]]es. The possibility of such conflicts, and their potential for destabilizing the Internet, is the main source of controversy surrounding alt roots. Many of the alternate roots try to coordinate with each other, but many do not - and they have no conflict resolution procedure between them. | ||
==List of alternative roots and the non-ICANN zones they include== | ==List of alternative roots and the non-ICANN zones they include== | ||
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* '''.oss''' — Open Source Software | * '''.oss''' — Open Source Software | ||
* '''.parody''' — Parodies | * '''.parody''' — Parodies | ||
* '''.eco''' — Intended for the use in [[socially responsible investing]] (SRI) and ecological [[cooperatives]], wholly owned subsidiaries, and other organisations that exist to promote or support the said [[co-operative]]. | * '''.eco''' — Intended for the use in [[:en:socially responsible investing|socially responsible investing]] (SRI) and ecological [[cooperatives]], wholly owned subsidiaries, and other organisations that exist to promote or support the said [[co-operative]]. | ||
See [[OpenNIC]] [[Wikipedia]] entry for further detail and historical information. | See [[OpenNIC]] [[Wikipedia]] entry for further detail and historical information. | ||
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<table align="right" border="0"><tr><td>{{GTLD}}</td></tr></table><!-- float: right hack for legacy browsers --> | <table align="right" border="0"><tr><td>{{GTLD}}</td></tr></table><!-- float: right hack for legacy browsers --> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[OpenDNS]] | *[[:en:OpenDNS|OpenDNS]] | ||
*[[RealNames]] | *[[:en:RealNames|RealNames]] | ||
*[[SocialDNS]] | *[[:en:SocialDNS|SoxialDNS]] | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
