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The Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten (Template:Lang-en, League of Frontline Soldiers) was one of the many paramilitary organizations that arose after the defeat of World War I in the Weimar Republic.
1918 to 1933
The Stahlhelm was founded at the end of 1918 partly by Franz Seldte in the city of Magdeburg. Its journal, Stahlhelm, was edited by Count Hans-Jürgen von Blumenthal, later hanged for his part in the July 20 plot. The organization was a rallying point for nationalistic and anti-Weimar elements. Within the organization a worldview oriented toward the prior imperial regime predominated. Jewish veterans were denied admission and formed a separate Reichsbund jüdischer Frontsoldaten. From 1924 on, in several subsidiary organizations, new recruits and veterans with front line experience would provide a standing armed force in support of the Reichswehr beyond the 100,000 allowed by the Treaty of Versailles .
With 500,000 members in 1930, the Stahlhelm was the largest paramilitary organization of Weimar Germany.
In 1929 the Stahlhelm joined the Volksentscheid gegen den Young-Plan to demonstrate against the Young Plan. The Stahlhelm joined the DNVP, NSDAP and Alldeutscher Verband to form the Harzburger Front, which was a united right-wing front against the Weimar Republic.
1933 to 1945
Gleichschaltung 1934
In 1934 the Stahlhelm was renamed Nationalsozialistischer Deutscher Frontkämpferbund (Federation of the National Socialist Frontline-Fighters) and integrated into the Sturmabteilung and, in 1935, it was dissolved by the Nazis, who feared its fundamentally monarchist character.
After 1945
In 1951 the Stahlhelm Bund der Frontsoldaten was re-created in Cologne. A year later, in 1952, even before his release from prison, Field Marshal Albert Kesselring was elected as leader federal of the neonazi association,[1] a post he kept till his death in 1960.
See also
- Emanuel Schäfer (member from 1925 to 1928)
- Kyffhäuserbund
- Queen Louise League
- SA
- SS
- Stahlhelm
- Weimar paramilitary groups
Notes
- ↑ Bund der Frontsoldaten' wahlt Kesselring zum Prasidenten, National Zeitung, 8 August 1952.
External links
fr:Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten it:Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten nl:Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten ja:鉄兜団、前線兵士同盟 no:Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten pl:Stahlhelm (organizacja paramilitarna) ru:Стальной шлем fi:Stahlhelm
